One of the main differences between Canada and the United States is the presence of relatively successful “third parties” in Canada. Indeed, some have argued that Preston Manning’s Reform Party – a classic “third party” – has now effectively become the “first party” -- as a result of the 2011 Canadian federal election.
The two main parties in Canadian politics have been the Liberals (roughly corresponding to the post-1930s U.S. Democrats) and the Conservatives (roughly corresponding to twentieth-century U.S. Republicans – although rather more moderate). The Liberals in Canada were, between 1896 to 2004, considerably more electorally successful in the Canadian polity, than the U.S. Democrats in America. (Ironically, in the 2011 Canadian federal election, the Liberals fell to third party status, winning only 34 of 308 seats.) The Conservatives had changed their name to “Progressive Conservative” already in 1942. One of the ostensible reasons for the name change was to attract the support of a popular third party of the Western Canadian provinces – the Progressives.
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